The Apache Struts web framework is a free open-source solution for creating Java web applications. It follows the MVC(Model-View-Controller) design pattern. It was initially created by Craig McClanahan and donated to Apache Foundation, in May 2000 and Struts 1.0 was released in June 2001.The current stable version of Struts is 2.3.16.3 in March 2, 2014. Struts2 is combination of webwork framework of opensymphony and struts 1.
Struts 2 Features
Struts 2 provides many features that were not in struts 1. The important features of struts 2 framework are as follows:1. Configurable MVC components
All the components (view components and action) information can be provided in struts.xml file. If you need to change any information, you can simply change it in the xml file.
2. POJO based actions
Action class is POJO (Plain Old Java Object) i.e. a simple java class. Here, you are not forced to implement any interface or inherit any class.
3. AJAX support
Struts 2 provides support to ajax technology. It is used to make asynchronous request i.e. it doesn't block the user. It sends only required field data to the server side not all. So it makes the performance fast.
4. Integration support
You can simply integrate the struts 2 application with hibernate, spring, tiles etc. frameworks.
5. Various Result Types
You can use JSP, freemarker, velocity etc. technologies as the result in struts 2.
6. Various Tag support
Struts 2 provides various types of tags such as UI tags, Data tags, control tags etc to ease the development of struts 2 application.
7. Theme and Template support
Struts 2 provides three types of theme support: xhtml, simple and css_xhtml. The xhtml is default theme of struts 2. Themes and templates can be used for common look and feel.
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